![]() ![]() ![]() In this paper you will also find English translations of eight Kafis from Bulleh Shah's poetic repertoire. This paper examines Bullah's verse and its approach to divinity in the Udhrite and Sufi context. Bulleh Shah adopts the stance of an Ashiq (the besotted lover-moth) towards God the beloved Mashooq and this brings his work in the realm of Udhrite love poetry that prevailed in the Kissa-Kav traditions of medieval Punjab, Sindh and Afghanistan. ![]() ![]() What was Baba Bulleh's stance and how does it come through in his verse? How far does his poetry interact with the social, cultural, and moral fabric of its times? This would also include Bulleh's critique of orthodox religion, frequent references to prevailing social and familial structures, images from daily life and romantic analogies from the folk legends of Heer-Ranjha, Sohni-Mahiwal, Laila-Majnu and Sassi-Punnoo. Among his Sufi contemporaries were poets like Sachal Sarmast and Waris Shah. On one side of the scale was the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb and on the other the Sikh guru Guru Gobind Singh. Bulleh Shah lived in a chaotic, highly politicized Punjab rent by bloody violence over issues of religion, fanatic oppression and power. The paper also strives to examine, analyze and experience the poetry of Baba Bulleh Shah in both its original Punjabi and English translation. To read Bulleh Shah as a Sufi, an Udhrite poet and as a meeting ground of cross cultural contexts is the main focus of this paper. ![]()
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